Recent publication of a high-throughput screen capable of identifying inhibitors of trans-translation with antibiotic activity validated the pathway as a potential drug target and provided a key tool for isolating lead compounds ( Ramadoss et al., 2013). trans-Translation has been an intriguing target for new antibiotics because the pathway is required for virulence or viability in most bacterial pathogens that have been examined, but it is not present in metazoans, so specific inhibitors might have few side effects ( Keiler and Alumasa, 2013 Ramadoss et al., 2013 Giudice et al., 2014). Drug discovery typically begins with identification of an appropriate target pathway, isolation of “hit” compounds that inhibit (or dysregulate) the pathway, validation, and optimization of the hit into a lead compound for development. The increase in drug resistant bacteria continues to pose a significant threat to human health worldwide, and new antibiotics are required to combat resistant strains ( Center for disease Control and Prevention, 2013).
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